by Nehemia Levtzion ; edited by Michel Abitbol and Amos Nadan.Variorum collected studies series ; 844Includes index.Towards a comparative study of Islamization -- Conversion under Muslim domination : a comparative study -- Conversion to Islam in Syria and Palestine and the survival of Christian communities -- Aspects of Islamization : Weber's observations on Islam reconsidered -- Islam in the Bilad al-Sudan to 1800 -- Arab geographers, the Nile, and the history of Bilad al-Sudan -- Islam in African and global contexts : adventures in comparative studies of Islam -- The Almoravids in the Sahara and Bilad al-Sudan : a study in Arab historiography -- Slavery and slave trade in the early states of Bilad al-Sudan -- Religious reform in eighteenth century Morocco (with G. Weigert) -- Eighteenth century Sufi brotherhoods : structural, organizational and ritual changes -- The Muslim holy cities as foci of Islamic revivalism in the eighteenth century (with G. Weigert) -- The dynamics of Sufi brotherhoods -- Resurgent Islamic fundamentalism as an integrative factor in the politics of Africa and the Middle East -- The role of Shari'a-oriented Sufi Turuq in the renewal and reform movements of the 18th & 19th centuries.